Sem analysis of working surface in new manual endodontic instruments

Abstract

Introduction. The aim of this study was to analyze working surfaces of new hand endodontic instruments and to check possible existence of dirt or defects on working surface that resulted from manufacturing process using SEM. Material and methods. Three sets of new hand instruments: K-File (KF), (18 instruments) (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland) and Hedstorm Files (HF), (18 instruments) (SybronEndo Co, USA) were used. Instruments were analyzed by SEM method at 170× magnification while semi-quantitative EDS analysis was used to determine chemical composition of dirt particles. Fisher test (p < 0.05) was applied in statistical analysis. Results. Results showed that none of the instruments was defect-free. The most common defects were metal strips and fretting noticed at the surface of all tested instruments. Debris was present on all KF (100% in apical and middle third) and HF (56% in apical and 56% in middle third) instruments. Pitting was noticed in KF (33% in apical and 39% in middle third) and HF (11% in apical and 6% in middle third) instruments. Corrosion of working surface, metal flash and disruption of cutting edge were marked only in KF group. Conclusion. Manufacturing defects were noticed in all instruments and the most common type of irregularity were metal strips and fretting.

Uvod Cilj ovog rada je bio da se primenom skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije analiziraju površine novih ručnih endodontskih instrumenata i proveri eventualno postojanje proizvodnih nečistoća ili defekata na radnom delu. Materijal i metod U istraživanju su korišćena po tri seta novih ručnih instrumenata: K-File (KF), (18 instrumenata) (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland) i Hedstorm Files (HF), (18 instrumenata) (SybronEndo Co, USA). Instrumenti su podvrgnuti SEM analizi sa uvećanjem 170×, a semikvantitativnom EDXS analizom utvrđivan je hemijski sastav nečistoće. Statistička analiza je urađena primenom Fišerovog testa (p < 0,05). Rezultati Rezultati su pokazali da ne postoji nijedan instrument bez defekta. Najučestaliji tip defekta je bilo prisustvo metalnih opiljaka i žlebova, koji su uočeni na površini svih ispitivanih instrumenata. Debri je uočen na svim KF (100% apikalno i u srednjoj trećini) i HF (56% apikalno i 56% u srednjoj trećini). Prisustvo udubljenja zabeleženo je kod KF (33% apikalno i 39% u srednjoj trećini) i HF (11% apikalno i 6% u srednjoj trećini). Korozija radne površine, pojava uglačane površine i prekid sečivne ivice su uočeni samo u grupi KF. Zaključak Na svim ispitivanim ručnim instrumentima su uočeni proizvodni defekti, a najučestaliji tip nepravilnosti je bilo prisustvo metalnih opiljaka i žlebova.