TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Slavoljub
AU  - David-Burlica, Borislava
AU  - Stanišić, Jelena
AU  - Stojčić, Sonja
AU  - Jovanović-Medojević, Milica
AU  - Dačić, Dragoslav
PY  - 2007
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1366
AB  - Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the smear layer on the coronal microleakage in root canals obturated with laterally condensed cold gutta-percha or Thermafil and two root canal sealers. Materials and methods: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth with straight root canals were allocated to two experimental groups. The root canals were instrumented using the STEP-BACK technique, K reamers and K files and irrigated with 2.5 % NaOCl. The teeth in the first group were treated with 17% EDTA and 2.5 % NaOCl to remove the smear layer. The teeth in both groups were obturated either with laterally condensed cold guttapercha (28 teeth) or Thermafil gutta-percha with plastic cores (28 teeth) and RSA or AH-PLUS sealers. The specimens were evaluated for coronal microleakage using silver nitrate solution. The linear penetration of the dye was assessed using a binocular magnifying glass (x25), with an inserted micrometer scale. Results: The results showed low coronal microleakage in the group where the smear layer was removed in both the lateral compaction technique (RSA - 1.71mm and AHPLUS - 1.61mm) and the Thermafil groups - RSA (1.65mm) and AH-PLUS (1.66mm). In the group with the intact smear layer, greater microleakage was noticed in both groups, lateral compaction technique -RSA (3.06 mm) and AH-PLUS (2.83mm) and Thermafil technique -RSA (2.99mm) and AH-PLUS ( 2.83mm). The difference was statistically significant between the groups with and without the smear layer for both RSA (p lt  0.001) and AH-PLUS sealers ( p lt 0.001). Conclusion: The present results suggest that the removal of the smear layer significantly improves the tightness of the coronal seal and reduces the coronal microleakage.
AB  - Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je bio da se proveri uticaj razmaznog sloja na krunično mikopropuštanje kanala opturisanih primenom Termafil i tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke. Materijal i metod: Korišćeno je 60 ekstrahovanih jednokorenih zuba sa pravim kanalima koji su podeljeni u dve eksperimetnalne grupe. Kanali su obrađeni primenom STEP-BACK tehnike i primenom proširivača i turpija tipa K uz obilnu irigaciju 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl. U prvoj grupi kanal je tretiran 17% rastvorom EDTA i 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl radi uklanjanja razmaznog sloja, a uzroci druge grupe su bili sa očuvanim razmaznim slojem. Zubi prve i druge grupe su potom opturisani tehnikom hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (28 zuba) odnosno primenom Termafil tehnike opturacije (28 zuba) primenom pasti RSA RDEKO SEAL i AH-PLUS. Zubi su pripremljeni za proveru krunične mikropropustljivosti potapanjem u rastvor srebro-nitrata. Linearni prodor boje procenjivan je uz pomoć binokularne lupe sa mikrometarskim razmernikom i uvećanjem 25 puta. Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati su ukazali na manju kruničnu mikropropustljivost u grupi gde je razmazni sloj bio uklonjen i kod tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (RSA- 1,71mm, AH-PLUS-1,61mm) i primenom Termafil tehnike obturacije (RSA-1,65mm, AH-PLUS-1,66mm). U grupi gde razmazni sloj nije uklonjen uočena je veća mikropropustljivost i primenom tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (RSA- 3,06mm, AH-PLUS - 2,83mm) i primenom Termafil tehnike (RSA - 2,99, AH-PLUS - 2,83). Razlika je bila statistički značajna između grupa gde je razmazni sloj uklonjen i grupe gde nije uklonjen kod oba testirana materijala na nivou p  lt  0,001. Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da uklanjanje razmaznog sloja značajno poboljšava kvalitet zaptivanja u kruničnom delu i time značajno smanjuje krunično mikropropuštanje.
PB  - Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd
T2  - Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
T1  - In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques
T1  - In vitro ispitivanja krunične ikropropustljivosti kod dve tehnike opturacije
VL  - 54
IS  - 3
SP  - 184
EP  - 190
DO  - 10.2298/SGS0703184Z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Slavoljub and David-Burlica, Borislava and Stanišić, Jelena and Stojčić, Sonja and Jovanović-Medojević, Milica and Dačić, Dragoslav",
year = "2007",
abstract = "Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the smear layer on the coronal microleakage in root canals obturated with laterally condensed cold gutta-percha or Thermafil and two root canal sealers. Materials and methods: Sixty extracted single-rooted human teeth with straight root canals were allocated to two experimental groups. The root canals were instrumented using the STEP-BACK technique, K reamers and K files and irrigated with 2.5 % NaOCl. The teeth in the first group were treated with 17% EDTA and 2.5 % NaOCl to remove the smear layer. The teeth in both groups were obturated either with laterally condensed cold guttapercha (28 teeth) or Thermafil gutta-percha with plastic cores (28 teeth) and RSA or AH-PLUS sealers. The specimens were evaluated for coronal microleakage using silver nitrate solution. The linear penetration of the dye was assessed using a binocular magnifying glass (x25), with an inserted micrometer scale. Results: The results showed low coronal microleakage in the group where the smear layer was removed in both the lateral compaction technique (RSA - 1.71mm and AHPLUS - 1.61mm) and the Thermafil groups - RSA (1.65mm) and AH-PLUS (1.66mm). In the group with the intact smear layer, greater microleakage was noticed in both groups, lateral compaction technique -RSA (3.06 mm) and AH-PLUS (2.83mm) and Thermafil technique -RSA (2.99mm) and AH-PLUS ( 2.83mm). The difference was statistically significant between the groups with and without the smear layer for both RSA (p lt  0.001) and AH-PLUS sealers ( p lt 0.001). Conclusion: The present results suggest that the removal of the smear layer significantly improves the tightness of the coronal seal and reduces the coronal microleakage., Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je bio da se proveri uticaj razmaznog sloja na krunično mikopropuštanje kanala opturisanih primenom Termafil i tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke. Materijal i metod: Korišćeno je 60 ekstrahovanih jednokorenih zuba sa pravim kanalima koji su podeljeni u dve eksperimetnalne grupe. Kanali su obrađeni primenom STEP-BACK tehnike i primenom proširivača i turpija tipa K uz obilnu irigaciju 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl. U prvoj grupi kanal je tretiran 17% rastvorom EDTA i 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl radi uklanjanja razmaznog sloja, a uzroci druge grupe su bili sa očuvanim razmaznim slojem. Zubi prve i druge grupe su potom opturisani tehnikom hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (28 zuba) odnosno primenom Termafil tehnike opturacije (28 zuba) primenom pasti RSA RDEKO SEAL i AH-PLUS. Zubi su pripremljeni za proveru krunične mikropropustljivosti potapanjem u rastvor srebro-nitrata. Linearni prodor boje procenjivan je uz pomoć binokularne lupe sa mikrometarskim razmernikom i uvećanjem 25 puta. Rezultati: Dobijeni rezultati su ukazali na manju kruničnu mikropropustljivost u grupi gde je razmazni sloj bio uklonjen i kod tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (RSA- 1,71mm, AH-PLUS-1,61mm) i primenom Termafil tehnike obturacije (RSA-1,65mm, AH-PLUS-1,66mm). U grupi gde razmazni sloj nije uklonjen uočena je veća mikropropustljivost i primenom tehnike hemijski razmekšane gutaperke (RSA- 3,06mm, AH-PLUS - 2,83mm) i primenom Termafil tehnike (RSA - 2,99, AH-PLUS - 2,83). Razlika je bila statistički značajna između grupa gde je razmazni sloj uklonjen i grupe gde nije uklonjen kod oba testirana materijala na nivou p  lt  0,001. Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da uklanjanje razmaznog sloja značajno poboljšava kvalitet zaptivanja u kruničnom delu i time značajno smanjuje krunično mikropropuštanje.",
publisher = "Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd",
journal = "Stomatološki glasnik Srbije",
title = "In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques, In vitro ispitivanja krunične ikropropustljivosti kod dve tehnike opturacije",
volume = "54",
number = "3",
pages = "184-190",
doi = "10.2298/SGS0703184Z"
}

Živković, S., David-Burlica, B., Stanišić, J., Stojčić, S., Jovanović-Medojević, M.,& Dačić, D.. (2007). In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques. in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd., 54(3), 184-190.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0703184Z

Živković S, David-Burlica B, Stanišić J, Stojčić S, Jovanović-Medojević M, Dačić D. In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques. in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije. 2007;54(3):184-190.
doi:10.2298/SGS0703184Z .

Živković, Slavoljub, David-Burlica, Borislava, Stanišić, Jelena, Stojčić, Sonja, Jovanović-Medojević, Milica, Dačić, Dragoslav, "In vitro evaluation of coronal microleakage associated with two root obturation techniques" in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije, 54, no. 3 (2007):184-190,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0703184Z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Slavoljub
AU  - Brkanić, Tatjana
AU  - Dačić, Dragoslav
AU  - Opačić, Vanja
AU  - Pavlović, Violeta
AU  - Medojević, Milica
PY  - 2005
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1266
AB  - Modern methods of root canal cleaning and filing are causing formation of the smear layer on treated surfaces. The aim of this paper was to review clinical aspect of smear layer in endodontics. Smear layer is the consequence of instrumentation of root canal walls and is consisted of organic and inorganic particles of cut dentine, necrotic and/or vital pulp fragments, microorganisms and their products. Existence of smear layer is affecting permeability of the radicular dentine, thus decreasing effects of canal medicaments and impairing adhesion of obturation materials in root canal. Removal of the smear layer from canal walls is possible with use of various chemical agents, ultrasonic or laser techniques. Regardless to contradictory attitudes and opinions, removing the smear layer is required for possible bacterial contamination, compromised effects of root canal medication and in order to obtain better obturation of canals 'system.
AB  - Savremene metode čišćenja i oblikovanja kanala dovode do formiranja razmaznog sloja na preparisanim površinama kanala korena zuba. Cilj ovog rada je bio da ukaže na klinički značaj razmaznog sloja u endodonciji. Razmazni sloj nastaje kao posledica instrumentacije zidova kanala i sadrži organske i neorganske čestice sečenog dentina, nekrotično i/ili vitalno tkivo pulpe, mikroorganizme i njihove raspadne produkte. Prisustvo razmaznog sloja utiče na propustljivost dentina korena, umanjuje efekat intrakanalnih medikamenata i smanjuje atheziju materijala za opturaciju za zidove kanala. Uklanjanje razmaznog sloja sa zidova kanala podrazumeva upotrebu različitih hemijskih sredstava, kao i ultrazvučnu i lasersku tehniku. Bez obzira na oprečne stavove i mišljenja, uklanjanje razmaznog sloja je neophodno zbog moguće kontaminacije bakterijama, umanjenog efekta intrakanalne medikacije i stvaranja uslova za bolju opturaciju kanalskog sistema zuba.
PB  - Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd
T2  - Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
T1  - Smear layer in endodontics
T1  - Razmazni sloj u endodonciji
VL  - 52
IS  - 1
SP  - 7
EP  - 19
DO  - 10.2298/SGS0501007Z
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Slavoljub and Brkanić, Tatjana and Dačić, Dragoslav and Opačić, Vanja and Pavlović, Violeta and Medojević, Milica",
year = "2005",
abstract = "Modern methods of root canal cleaning and filing are causing formation of the smear layer on treated surfaces. The aim of this paper was to review clinical aspect of smear layer in endodontics. Smear layer is the consequence of instrumentation of root canal walls and is consisted of organic and inorganic particles of cut dentine, necrotic and/or vital pulp fragments, microorganisms and their products. Existence of smear layer is affecting permeability of the radicular dentine, thus decreasing effects of canal medicaments and impairing adhesion of obturation materials in root canal. Removal of the smear layer from canal walls is possible with use of various chemical agents, ultrasonic or laser techniques. Regardless to contradictory attitudes and opinions, removing the smear layer is required for possible bacterial contamination, compromised effects of root canal medication and in order to obtain better obturation of canals 'system., Savremene metode čišćenja i oblikovanja kanala dovode do formiranja razmaznog sloja na preparisanim površinama kanala korena zuba. Cilj ovog rada je bio da ukaže na klinički značaj razmaznog sloja u endodonciji. Razmazni sloj nastaje kao posledica instrumentacije zidova kanala i sadrži organske i neorganske čestice sečenog dentina, nekrotično i/ili vitalno tkivo pulpe, mikroorganizme i njihove raspadne produkte. Prisustvo razmaznog sloja utiče na propustljivost dentina korena, umanjuje efekat intrakanalnih medikamenata i smanjuje atheziju materijala za opturaciju za zidove kanala. Uklanjanje razmaznog sloja sa zidova kanala podrazumeva upotrebu različitih hemijskih sredstava, kao i ultrazvučnu i lasersku tehniku. Bez obzira na oprečne stavove i mišljenja, uklanjanje razmaznog sloja je neophodno zbog moguće kontaminacije bakterijama, umanjenog efekta intrakanalne medikacije i stvaranja uslova za bolju opturaciju kanalskog sistema zuba.",
publisher = "Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd",
journal = "Stomatološki glasnik Srbije",
title = "Smear layer in endodontics, Razmazni sloj u endodonciji",
volume = "52",
number = "1",
pages = "7-19",
doi = "10.2298/SGS0501007Z"
}

Živković, S., Brkanić, T., Dačić, D., Opačić, V., Pavlović, V.,& Medojević, M.. (2005). Smear layer in endodontics. in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd., 52(1), 7-19.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0501007Z

Živković S, Brkanić T, Dačić D, Opačić V, Pavlović V, Medojević M. Smear layer in endodontics. in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije. 2005;52(1):7-19.
doi:10.2298/SGS0501007Z .

Živković, Slavoljub, Brkanić, Tatjana, Dačić, Dragoslav, Opačić, Vanja, Pavlović, Violeta, Medojević, Milica, "Smear layer in endodontics" in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije, 52, no. 1 (2005):7-19,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0501007Z . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živković, Slavoljub
AU  - Stevanović, Ružica
AU  - Dačić, Dragoslav
AU  - Opačić-Galić, Vanja
AU  - Pavlović, Violeta
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1213
AB  - Objective: The purpose of an in vitro dye leakage study was to determine the influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of the root canals obturated by lateral condensation using 3 different root canal sealers. Material and Method: The root canals of 120 extracted human teeth were instrumented by step-back technique with HEDSTRÖM file and irrigated with 2.5 NaOCl. The teeth were divided into 2 experimental groups. In the first group the root canal was treated with 10 ml 17% REDTA and 5.25% NaOCl to remove the smear layer. In the second group the root canal was not pre-treated for the removal of the smear layer. All teeth were obturated by lateral condensation technique using three different root canal sealers: AH-26, RSA-Roeko Seal Automix and Ketac-Endo. The teeth were covered with nail varnish excluding 1 mm on the apex and were immersed in 50% solution of silver nitrate for 6 hours. After this period, the teeth were washed and cut longitudinally for apical leakage analysis. The linear breakthrough of the dye was estimated using binocular magnifying class that magnifies 25 times. Results: The results showed less apical leakage in the first group where smear layer was removed: AH-26 (0.81), RSA (0.86) and Ketac-Endo (1.12) in comparison to the group where smear layer was not removed: AH-26 (0.94), RSA (0.98) and Ketac-Endo (1.32). Statistical evaluation of the results showed no significant difference in the leakage between the groups with and without the smear layer. However, RSA and AH-26 were statistically different from Ketac Endo (p lt 0.001) and among the sealers. Conclusion: Used endodontic sealers allowed leakage to occur, and removal of the smear layer reduced apical leakage.
PB  - Udruženje stomatologa Balkana
T2  - Balkan Journal of Stomatology
T1  - Influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of 1 new and 2 old canal sealers
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
SP  - 119
EP  - 122
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1213
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živković, Slavoljub and Stevanović, Ružica and Dačić, Dragoslav and Opačić-Galić, Vanja and Pavlović, Violeta",
year = "2004",
abstract = "Objective: The purpose of an in vitro dye leakage study was to determine the influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of the root canals obturated by lateral condensation using 3 different root canal sealers. Material and Method: The root canals of 120 extracted human teeth were instrumented by step-back technique with HEDSTRÖM file and irrigated with 2.5 NaOCl. The teeth were divided into 2 experimental groups. In the first group the root canal was treated with 10 ml 17% REDTA and 5.25% NaOCl to remove the smear layer. In the second group the root canal was not pre-treated for the removal of the smear layer. All teeth were obturated by lateral condensation technique using three different root canal sealers: AH-26, RSA-Roeko Seal Automix and Ketac-Endo. The teeth were covered with nail varnish excluding 1 mm on the apex and were immersed in 50% solution of silver nitrate for 6 hours. After this period, the teeth were washed and cut longitudinally for apical leakage analysis. The linear breakthrough of the dye was estimated using binocular magnifying class that magnifies 25 times. Results: The results showed less apical leakage in the first group where smear layer was removed: AH-26 (0.81), RSA (0.86) and Ketac-Endo (1.12) in comparison to the group where smear layer was not removed: AH-26 (0.94), RSA (0.98) and Ketac-Endo (1.32). Statistical evaluation of the results showed no significant difference in the leakage between the groups with and without the smear layer. However, RSA and AH-26 were statistically different from Ketac Endo (p lt 0.001) and among the sealers. Conclusion: Used endodontic sealers allowed leakage to occur, and removal of the smear layer reduced apical leakage.",
publisher = "Udruženje stomatologa Balkana",
journal = "Balkan Journal of Stomatology",
title = "Influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of 1 new and 2 old canal sealers",
volume = "8",
number = "2",
pages = "119-122",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1213"
}

Živković, S., Stevanović, R., Dačić, D., Opačić-Galić, V.,& Pavlović, V.. (2004). Influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of 1 new and 2 old canal sealers. in Balkan Journal of Stomatology
Udruženje stomatologa Balkana., 8(2), 119-122.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1213

Živković S, Stevanović R, Dačić D, Opačić-Galić V, Pavlović V. Influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of 1 new and 2 old canal sealers. in Balkan Journal of Stomatology. 2004;8(2):119-122.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1213 .

Živković, Slavoljub, Stevanović, Ružica, Dačić, Dragoslav, Opačić-Galić, Vanja, Pavlović, Violeta, "Influence of smear layer on the apical leakage of 1 new and 2 old canal sealers" in Balkan Journal of Stomatology, 8, no. 2 (2004):119-122,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_1213 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dačić, Dragoslav
AU  - Živković, Slavoljub
PY  - 2003
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1178
AB  - The purpose of this SEM study was to evaluate the cleaning effects of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments. Sixty single canal human teeth were selected for this study. The root canals were instrumented by seven types of manual endodontic instruments (K-enlargers, K files Rattail files, K-Flexofiles, K Flex files, Hedstrom and NiTi Flex files) and five different mechanical endodontic instruments (Rispi, Rat tail Hedstrom, NiTi Flex files and K-enlargers). During and after the instrumentation, the canals were irrigated by 2.5% sodium hypochlorit. After splitting the roots longitudinally, the amount of debris and smear layer was quantified on the basis of a numerical evaluation scale, using scanning electron microscope. Results were statistically analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and t-test. There were no statistically significant differences between hand instrumentation and machine instrumentation with different endodontic instruments for any of the variables tested. Best instrumentation results in removing the smear layer and dentinal debris from the root canal were obtained with Kerr, NiTi and Hedstrom hand files and with K-enlargers, NiTi and Rat-tail mechanical files. In the apical thirds of root canals prepared using hand and mechanical endodontic instruments the smear layer and dentinal debris were always more abundant when compared with the middle and coronal thirds. In conslusion, cleaning efficacy differed slightly among the techniques and instruments, none of them completely removed smear layer and all left some debris.
AB  - Cilj ove SEM studije bio je da proceni efikasnost čišćenja kanala korena zuba različitim ručnim i mašinskim endodontskim instrumenatima i da se na osnovu dobijenih rezultata proveri da li postoje razlike u kvalitetu debridmana između različitih vrsta endodontskih instrumenata. Kao materijal za ovu studiju korišćeno je 60 ekstrahovanih jednokanalnih zuba humane populacije. Preparacija kanala korena izvedena je korišćenjem 7 različitih vrsta ručnih endodontskih instrumenata (K-proširivača, K-turpija, Rat-tail turpija, KFlexo turpija, K-Flex turpija, Hedstrom i NiTi turpija) odnosno pet različitih mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata (Rispi, Rat-tail Hedstrom, NiTi turpija i K-proširivača). Kanali su ispirani 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl, tokom i po završenoj instrumentaciji. Kvantitativna procena prisustva razmaznog sloja i dentinskog debrisa na zidovima kanala vršena je pomoću skening elektronskog mikroskopa.(SEM) Rezultati su statistički analizirani pomoću Kruskal-Wallis-ovog i t-testa. Posle primene ručnih endodontskih instrumenata najmanja količina razmaznog sloja i dentinskog debrisa uočena je nakon primene K-proširivača, K-turpija i H-turpija. Najbolji efekat čišćenja posle primene mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata ostvaren je posle obrade K-proširivačima, Rat-tail turpijama i NiTi turpijama. Nije uočena statistički značajna razlika u kvalitetu instrumentacije između različitih ručnih i mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata. Kompletno čišćenje kanala korena zuba nije ostvareno ni sa jednim endodontskim instrumentom a efikasnost čišćenja se neznatno razlikuje između tehnika i instrumenata.
PB  - Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd
T2  - Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
T1  - A comparative investigation of the cleaning efficacy of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments (SEM study)
T1  - Komparativna ispitivanja efikasnosti čišćenja zidova kanala korena različitim ručnim i mašinskim endodontskim instrumentima (SEM studija)
VL  - 50
IS  - 3
SP  - 137
EP  - 143
DO  - 10.2298/SGS0303137D
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dačić, Dragoslav and Živković, Slavoljub",
year = "2003",
abstract = "The purpose of this SEM study was to evaluate the cleaning effects of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments. Sixty single canal human teeth were selected for this study. The root canals were instrumented by seven types of manual endodontic instruments (K-enlargers, K files Rattail files, K-Flexofiles, K Flex files, Hedstrom and NiTi Flex files) and five different mechanical endodontic instruments (Rispi, Rat tail Hedstrom, NiTi Flex files and K-enlargers). During and after the instrumentation, the canals were irrigated by 2.5% sodium hypochlorit. After splitting the roots longitudinally, the amount of debris and smear layer was quantified on the basis of a numerical evaluation scale, using scanning electron microscope. Results were statistically analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and t-test. There were no statistically significant differences between hand instrumentation and machine instrumentation with different endodontic instruments for any of the variables tested. Best instrumentation results in removing the smear layer and dentinal debris from the root canal were obtained with Kerr, NiTi and Hedstrom hand files and with K-enlargers, NiTi and Rat-tail mechanical files. In the apical thirds of root canals prepared using hand and mechanical endodontic instruments the smear layer and dentinal debris were always more abundant when compared with the middle and coronal thirds. In conslusion, cleaning efficacy differed slightly among the techniques and instruments, none of them completely removed smear layer and all left some debris., Cilj ove SEM studije bio je da proceni efikasnost čišćenja kanala korena zuba različitim ručnim i mašinskim endodontskim instrumenatima i da se na osnovu dobijenih rezultata proveri da li postoje razlike u kvalitetu debridmana između različitih vrsta endodontskih instrumenata. Kao materijal za ovu studiju korišćeno je 60 ekstrahovanih jednokanalnih zuba humane populacije. Preparacija kanala korena izvedena je korišćenjem 7 različitih vrsta ručnih endodontskih instrumenata (K-proširivača, K-turpija, Rat-tail turpija, KFlexo turpija, K-Flex turpija, Hedstrom i NiTi turpija) odnosno pet različitih mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata (Rispi, Rat-tail Hedstrom, NiTi turpija i K-proširivača). Kanali su ispirani 2,5% rastvorom NaOCl, tokom i po završenoj instrumentaciji. Kvantitativna procena prisustva razmaznog sloja i dentinskog debrisa na zidovima kanala vršena je pomoću skening elektronskog mikroskopa.(SEM) Rezultati su statistički analizirani pomoću Kruskal-Wallis-ovog i t-testa. Posle primene ručnih endodontskih instrumenata najmanja količina razmaznog sloja i dentinskog debrisa uočena je nakon primene K-proširivača, K-turpija i H-turpija. Najbolji efekat čišćenja posle primene mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata ostvaren je posle obrade K-proširivačima, Rat-tail turpijama i NiTi turpijama. Nije uočena statistički značajna razlika u kvalitetu instrumentacije između različitih ručnih i mašinskih endodontskih instrumenata. Kompletno čišćenje kanala korena zuba nije ostvareno ni sa jednim endodontskim instrumentom a efikasnost čišćenja se neznatno razlikuje između tehnika i instrumenata.",
publisher = "Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd",
journal = "Stomatološki glasnik Srbije",
title = "A comparative investigation of the cleaning efficacy of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments (SEM study), Komparativna ispitivanja efikasnosti čišćenja zidova kanala korena različitim ručnim i mašinskim endodontskim instrumentima (SEM studija)",
volume = "50",
number = "3",
pages = "137-143",
doi = "10.2298/SGS0303137D"
}

Dačić, D.,& Živković, S.. (2003). A comparative investigation of the cleaning efficacy of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments (SEM study). in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije
Srpsko lekarsko društvo - Stomatološka sekcija, Beograd., 50(3), 137-143.
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0303137D

Dačić D, Živković S. A comparative investigation of the cleaning efficacy of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments (SEM study). in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije. 2003;50(3):137-143.
doi:10.2298/SGS0303137D .

Dačić, Dragoslav, Živković, Slavoljub, "A comparative investigation of the cleaning efficacy of different manual and mechanical endodontic instruments (SEM study)" in Stomatološki glasnik Srbije, 50, no. 3 (2003):137-143,
https://doi.org/10.2298/SGS0303137D . .

TY  - THES
AU  - Dačić, Dragoslav
PY  - 2000
UR  - https://plus.sr.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/1024034702
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/366
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu, Stomatološki fakultet
T1  - Karakteristike endodontskih instrumenata i njihova primena u preparaciji kanala korena zuba
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_366
ER  - 

@mastersthesis{
author = "Dačić, Dragoslav",
year = "2000",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu, Stomatološki fakultet",
title = "Karakteristike endodontskih instrumenata i njihova primena u preparaciji kanala korena zuba",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_366"
}

Dačić, D.. (2000). Karakteristike endodontskih instrumenata i njihova primena u preparaciji kanala korena zuba. 
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Stomatološki fakultet..
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_366

Dačić D. Karakteristike endodontskih instrumenata i njihova primena u preparaciji kanala korena zuba. 2000;.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_366 .

Dačić, Dragoslav, "Karakteristike endodontskih instrumenata i njihova primena u preparaciji kanala korena zuba" (2000),
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_smile_366 .