TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Pešut, Olivera
AU  - Marković, Dejan
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
AU  - Hadžimilić, Milan
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
PY  - 2009
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1463
AB  - Analyses of the viscerocranial parameters in dogs has been avoided due to inconsistencies in defining the reference points for linear and angular measurements. In our study we classified the elements which refer to the balance of skeletal structures and teeth in relation to other osseous elements. By X-ray-photoimaging spatial relations within the osseous system of the head of German Shepherd dogs angular parameters (gonial angle Go, the angles Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB and NSBa) were constructed. Sagittal positions or inclinations of the upper and lower incisors were determined by angles C and D and their relationship was determined by the interincisal angle E. The position of the upper and lower eyeteeth in relation to the basic plane of the maxilla and mandible was determined by the numerical values of angles F and G. The opportunity to define the type of growth, and the changes between the face and the skull base, was provided by constructing the following angles of the polygon, as well as by the exact determination of their individual and total values:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt ArGoIv,  lt GoIvMe.
AB  - Telerendgenske analize viscerokranijalnih parametara su izbegavane usled toga što referentne tačke za linearna i angularna merenja nisu bile definisane. U našem radu, klasifikovani su elementi koji se odnose na ravnotežu skeletnih struktura i zuba u odnosu na ostale kostne anatomske entitete glave. Prostorni odnosi na kostnom sistemu glave pasa rase nemački ovčar, utvrđeni su konstrukcijom i numeričkim određivanjem najznačajnijih uglovnih parametara: gonijalni ugao Go, uglovi Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB, NSBa. Sagitalni položaji ili nagibi gornjih i donjih sekutić a određeni su preko uglova C i D, a odnos između ova dva parametra konstrukcijom interincizalnog ugla E. Položaj gornjih i donjih očnjaka u odnosu na osnovnu ravan maksile i mandibule determinisan je egzaktnim numeričkim vrednostima uglova F i G. Definisanje tipa rasta lica i promene odnosa lica i baze lobanje omogućeno je formiranjem sledećih uglova poligona, kao i egzaktnim određivanjem njihovih pojedinačnih i zbirnih vrednosti:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt Ar- GoIv,  lt GoIvMe.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Acta veterinaria
T1  - X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs
T1  - Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrijsko određivanje angularnih parametara kod pasa rase nemački ovčar
VL  - 59
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 255
EP  - 265
DO  - 10.2298/AVB0903255K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Pešut, Olivera and Marković, Dejan and Tepavčević, Zvezdana and Hadžimilić, Milan and Milosavljević, Željko",
year = "2009",
abstract = "Analyses of the viscerocranial parameters in dogs has been avoided due to inconsistencies in defining the reference points for linear and angular measurements. In our study we classified the elements which refer to the balance of skeletal structures and teeth in relation to other osseous elements. By X-ray-photoimaging spatial relations within the osseous system of the head of German Shepherd dogs angular parameters (gonial angle Go, the angles Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB and NSBa) were constructed. Sagittal positions or inclinations of the upper and lower incisors were determined by angles C and D and their relationship was determined by the interincisal angle E. The position of the upper and lower eyeteeth in relation to the basic plane of the maxilla and mandible was determined by the numerical values of angles F and G. The opportunity to define the type of growth, and the changes between the face and the skull base, was provided by constructing the following angles of the polygon, as well as by the exact determination of their individual and total values:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt ArGoIv,  lt GoIvMe., Telerendgenske analize viscerokranijalnih parametara su izbegavane usled toga što referentne tačke za linearna i angularna merenja nisu bile definisane. U našem radu, klasifikovani su elementi koji se odnose na ravnotežu skeletnih struktura i zuba u odnosu na ostale kostne anatomske entitete glave. Prostorni odnosi na kostnom sistemu glave pasa rase nemački ovčar, utvrđeni su konstrukcijom i numeričkim određivanjem najznačajnijih uglovnih parametara: gonijalni ugao Go, uglovi Iv, SNA, SNB, ANB, NSBa. Sagitalni položaji ili nagibi gornjih i donjih sekutić a određeni su preko uglova C i D, a odnos između ova dva parametra konstrukcijom interincizalnog ugla E. Položaj gornjih i donjih očnjaka u odnosu na osnovnu ravan maksile i mandibule determinisan je egzaktnim numeričkim vrednostima uglova F i G. Definisanje tipa rasta lica i promene odnosa lica i baze lobanje omogućeno je formiranjem sledećih uglova poligona, kao i egzaktnim određivanjem njihovih pojedinačnih i zbirnih vrednosti:  lt SarGo,  lt NSAr,  lt Ar- GoIv,  lt GoIvMe.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Acta veterinaria",
title = "X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs, Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrijsko određivanje angularnih parametara kod pasa rase nemački ovčar",
volume = "59",
number = "2-3",
pages = "255-265",
doi = "10.2298/AVB0903255K"
}

Krstić, N., Pešut, O., Marković, D., Tepavčević, Z., Hadžimilić, M.,& Milosavljević, Ž.. (2009). X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs. in Acta veterinaria
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 59(2-3), 255-265.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0903255K

Krstić N, Pešut O, Marković D, Tepavčević Z, Hadžimilić M, Milosavljević Ž. X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs. in Acta veterinaria. 2009;59(2-3):255-265.
doi:10.2298/AVB0903255K .

Krstić, Nikola, Pešut, Olivera, Marković, Dejan, Tepavčević, Zvezdana, Hadžimilić, Milan, Milosavljević, Željko, "X-ray craniometric and x-ray cephalometric determination of angular parameters in German shepherd dogs" in Acta veterinaria, 59, no. 2-3 (2009):255-265,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0903255K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
PY  - 2002
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1160
AB  - After rentgencraniornetric and roentgencephalometric analysis of the most significant reference points for dogs of the German Shepherd breed aged 12 months, we considered it would be of importance, both from the scientific and cynologic point of view, to determine all linear parameters which might be used in the exact type classification of the neuroviscerocranium of these animals. Correct proportions of certain regions of the face and head were exactly determined by defining and numerical specifying the following lines line N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinal or palatine plane alpha (SnA- SnP) occlusive plane- beta, plane gamma (Go- Me) and line N-A. The line N-Iv denotes the middle height of the face which is specific for the mesocephalic type of dogs head. In addition to these, there are also the lines Co Condylion) - Go (Gonion), Go (Gonion) - Me (Menton) and line S (Sella) Go (Gonion). A full inspection of the harmony and anatomic balance in the proportions of the neuroviscerocranium skeleton was achieved by specifying the following linear parameters for the frontal photograph: the lines Zy- Zy (Zygon), Eu- Eu (between the Eurion points), the lines Em- Em, ecm- ecm Eim- Eim, Go- Go, the distances En- En, Ein- Bin, Ecm- Ecm, Ecp- Ecp and Ecl- Ecl.
AB  - Rendgenkraniometrijskom i rendgenkefalometrijskom analizom najznačajnijih referentnih tačaka kod pasa rase nemački ovčar starosti 12 meseci određivani su linearni parametri koji bi se mogli koristiti u egzaktnoj tipizaciji neuroviscerokranijuma ovih životinja. Pravilni odnosi pojedinih regija lica i glave egzaktno su utvrđeni definisanjem i numeričkim određivanjem sledećih linija: linija N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinalna ili palatinalna ravan alfa (SnA- SnP), okluzana ravan- beta, ravan gama (Go- Me) i linija N-A. Linija N-lv predstavlja srednju visinu lica osobenu za mezocefalni tip glave psa. Pored ovih postoje još i linije Co (Condylion) Go (Gonion)- Me (Menton) i linija S (Sella)- Go (Gonion), Potpuni uvid u skladnost i anatomsku ravnotežu skeletnog odnosa neuroviscerokranijuma dobijen je određivanjem sledećih linearnih parametara na frontalnom snimku linija Zy-Zy (Zygion), Eu-Eu (između tačaka Eurion), linija Em-Em, ecm-ecm Eim-Eim, Go-Go, rastojanje En-En, Ein-Ein, Ecm-Ecm, Ecp-Ecp i Ecl-Ecl.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Acta veterinaria
T1  - Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed
T1  - Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrisjko ispitivanje linearnih parametara pasa rase nemački ovčar
VL  - 52
IS  - 2-3
SP  - 181
EP  - 196
DO  - 10.2298/AVB0203181K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Milosavljević, Željko and Tepavčević, Zvezdana",
year = "2002",
abstract = "After rentgencraniornetric and roentgencephalometric analysis of the most significant reference points for dogs of the German Shepherd breed aged 12 months, we considered it would be of importance, both from the scientific and cynologic point of view, to determine all linear parameters which might be used in the exact type classification of the neuroviscerocranium of these animals. Correct proportions of certain regions of the face and head were exactly determined by defining and numerical specifying the following lines line N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinal or palatine plane alpha (SnA- SnP) occlusive plane- beta, plane gamma (Go- Me) and line N-A. The line N-Iv denotes the middle height of the face which is specific for the mesocephalic type of dogs head. In addition to these, there are also the lines Co Condylion) - Go (Gonion), Go (Gonion) - Me (Menton) and line S (Sella) Go (Gonion). A full inspection of the harmony and anatomic balance in the proportions of the neuroviscerocranium skeleton was achieved by specifying the following linear parameters for the frontal photograph: the lines Zy- Zy (Zygon), Eu- Eu (between the Eurion points), the lines Em- Em, ecm- ecm Eim- Eim, Go- Go, the distances En- En, Ein- Bin, Ecm- Ecm, Ecp- Ecp and Ecl- Ecl., Rendgenkraniometrijskom i rendgenkefalometrijskom analizom najznačajnijih referentnih tačaka kod pasa rase nemački ovčar starosti 12 meseci određivani su linearni parametri koji bi se mogli koristiti u egzaktnoj tipizaciji neuroviscerokranijuma ovih životinja. Pravilni odnosi pojedinih regija lica i glave egzaktno su utvrđeni definisanjem i numeričkim određivanjem sledećih linija: linija N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinalna ili palatinalna ravan alfa (SnA- SnP), okluzana ravan- beta, ravan gama (Go- Me) i linija N-A. Linija N-lv predstavlja srednju visinu lica osobenu za mezocefalni tip glave psa. Pored ovih postoje još i linije Co (Condylion) Go (Gonion)- Me (Menton) i linija S (Sella)- Go (Gonion), Potpuni uvid u skladnost i anatomsku ravnotežu skeletnog odnosa neuroviscerokranijuma dobijen je određivanjem sledećih linearnih parametara na frontalnom snimku linija Zy-Zy (Zygion), Eu-Eu (između tačaka Eurion), linija Em-Em, ecm-ecm Eim-Eim, Go-Go, rastojanje En-En, Ein-Ein, Ecm-Ecm, Ecp-Ecp i Ecl-Ecl.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Acta veterinaria",
title = "Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed, Rendgenkraniometrijsko i rendgenkefalometrisjko ispitivanje linearnih parametara pasa rase nemački ovčar",
volume = "52",
number = "2-3",
pages = "181-196",
doi = "10.2298/AVB0203181K"
}

Krstić, N., Milosavljević, Ž.,& Tepavčević, Z.. (2002). Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed. in Acta veterinaria
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 52(2-3), 181-196.
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0203181K

Krstić N, Milosavljević Ž, Tepavčević Z. Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed. in Acta veterinaria. 2002;52(2-3):181-196.
doi:10.2298/AVB0203181K .

Krstić, Nikola, Milosavljević, Željko, Tepavčević, Zvezdana, "Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed" in Acta veterinaria, 52, no. 2-3 (2002):181-196,
https://doi.org/10.2298/AVB0203181K . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Krstić, Nikola
AU  - Macanović, Mirjana
AU  - Milosavljević, Željko
AU  - Tepavčević, Zvezdana
PY  - 2002
UR  - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1159
AB  - In parallel with the stepped up urbanisation of modern man, there is an increasing number of house pets of different breeds and species who suffer certain biological and physiological changes because of the specific manner of breeding and upkeep. The altered conditions of their natural environment can lead to disorders in the animal genetic fund, which is why numerous diseases include cases of constitutional flaws (caries, periodontosis and related complications, cysts, abscesses, malformations of hereditary origin - hypodontia, andontia, impacted teeth, and others). The paper presents cases of the most frequent diseases of teeth and supporting tissues, as well as the optimal manner of therapy. It also points out certain limitations in practicing veterinary orthodontia aimed at avoiding situations when certain congenital or acquired anomalies are corrected but result in the animal no longer meeting the required standards for its species.
AB  - Uporedo sa ubrzanom urbanizacijom modernog čoveka, zapaža se i povećan broj kućnih ljubimaca različitih vrsta i rasa, koji zbog specifičnog načina odgajanja trpe određene biološke i fiziološke promene. Izmenjeni uslovi prirodnog okruženja mogu da prouzrokuju poremećaje genetskog fonda životinja, što je razlog da se među mnogim bolestima javljaju slučajevi konstitucionalnih mana (karijes, paradontopatija i njihove komplikacije ciste, apscesi, malformacije naslednog porekla – hipodoncija, anodoncija impakcija zuba i slično). U radu su prikazani slučajevi najčešćih oboljenja zuba i njihovog potpornog aparata, kao i optimalni načini njihove terapije. Ukazano je i na određena ograničenja kojih moramo da se pridržavamo u veterinarskoj ortodonciji, kako bi se izbegle situacije korekcije pojedinih urođenih ili stečenih anomalija zbog kojih životinja odstupa od propisanih standarda za svoju vrstu.
PB  - Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd
T2  - Veterinarski glasnik
T1  - Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals
T1  - Dijagnostika i terapija oboljenja usne duplje malih domaćih životinja
VL  - 56
IS  - 3-4
SP  - 187
EP  - 194
DO  - 10.2298/VETGL0204187K
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Krstić, Nikola and Macanović, Mirjana and Milosavljević, Željko and Tepavčević, Zvezdana",
year = "2002",
abstract = "In parallel with the stepped up urbanisation of modern man, there is an increasing number of house pets of different breeds and species who suffer certain biological and physiological changes because of the specific manner of breeding and upkeep. The altered conditions of their natural environment can lead to disorders in the animal genetic fund, which is why numerous diseases include cases of constitutional flaws (caries, periodontosis and related complications, cysts, abscesses, malformations of hereditary origin - hypodontia, andontia, impacted teeth, and others). The paper presents cases of the most frequent diseases of teeth and supporting tissues, as well as the optimal manner of therapy. It also points out certain limitations in practicing veterinary orthodontia aimed at avoiding situations when certain congenital or acquired anomalies are corrected but result in the animal no longer meeting the required standards for its species., Uporedo sa ubrzanom urbanizacijom modernog čoveka, zapaža se i povećan broj kućnih ljubimaca različitih vrsta i rasa, koji zbog specifičnog načina odgajanja trpe određene biološke i fiziološke promene. Izmenjeni uslovi prirodnog okruženja mogu da prouzrokuju poremećaje genetskog fonda životinja, što je razlog da se među mnogim bolestima javljaju slučajevi konstitucionalnih mana (karijes, paradontopatija i njihove komplikacije ciste, apscesi, malformacije naslednog porekla – hipodoncija, anodoncija impakcija zuba i slično). U radu su prikazani slučajevi najčešćih oboljenja zuba i njihovog potpornog aparata, kao i optimalni načini njihove terapije. Ukazano je i na određena ograničenja kojih moramo da se pridržavamo u veterinarskoj ortodonciji, kako bi se izbegle situacije korekcije pojedinih urođenih ili stečenih anomalija zbog kojih životinja odstupa od propisanih standarda za svoju vrstu.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd",
journal = "Veterinarski glasnik",
title = "Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals, Dijagnostika i terapija oboljenja usne duplje malih domaćih životinja",
volume = "56",
number = "3-4",
pages = "187-194",
doi = "10.2298/VETGL0204187K"
}

Krstić, N., Macanović, M., Milosavljević, Ž.,& Tepavčević, Z.. (2002). Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals. in Veterinarski glasnik
Univerzitet u Beogradu - Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd., 56(3-4), 187-194.
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0204187K

Krstić N, Macanović M, Milosavljević Ž, Tepavčević Z. Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals. in Veterinarski glasnik. 2002;56(3-4):187-194.
doi:10.2298/VETGL0204187K .

Krstić, Nikola, Macanović, Mirjana, Milosavljević, Željko, Tepavčević, Zvezdana, "Diagnosis and therapy of oral cavity diseases in small domestic animals" in Veterinarski glasnik, 56, no. 3-4 (2002):187-194,
https://doi.org/10.2298/VETGL0204187K . .