The analysis of the status of oral health for young heroin addicts and their impact on their quality of life

Abstract

Drug abuse is a global problem that principally affects the younger population. This leads to social problems, violence, problems with the law and serious health problems. Drug use in 1992 by the World Health Organisation is defined "drug dependence (of psycho-active substances, drugs) as a special psychological and physical condition of the body that is the result of objects that create dependency. It is characterized by the experience of coercion to occasionally or regularly take an addictive substance, in order to experience its desired effect or to avoid inconvenience due to not taking it. " The importance of oral health among addicts of psychoactive substances is a topic which, given its importance is paid more and more attention. It is known that drugs and alcohol directly affect the health of the mouth and teeth, but only in the last decade the appropriate importance was assigned to that topic. Oral health in addicts is poorly investigated because of the difficulty of observing these patients because of their behavior, lifestyle and lack of cooperation. Numerous studies indicate that the cause of the poor condition of the mouth is in correlation with the use of psychoactive substances. Research on these conditions is focused on the analysis of the many risk factors for oral diseases such as type and length of use of psychoactive substances, social status, lifestyle, age, bad attitudes towards the preservation of health, economic status, eating habits and more. Many studies have shown that heroin users have a bad state of the mouth and teeth and severe periodontal disease. Heroin addicts have more damage to the teeth and periodontal tissues compared with users of other substances. Heroin may contain harmful substances that destroy oral tissues, induce disorders of the endocrine system and may cause damage to periodontal tissues. Also compromised immune system may produce periodontal disease...

Uvod: Zloupotreba psihoaktivnih supstanci je globalni problem koji uglavnom zahvata mlađu populaciju. To vodi ka socijalnim problemima, nasilju, problemima sa zakonom i ozbiljnim zdravstvenim problemima. Korišćenje droga je 1992.godine od strane Svetske zdravstvene organizacije definisano kao „zavisnost od lekova (psiho-aktivnih supstanci, droga) je posebno duševno i fizičko stanje organizma koje nastaje delovanjem sredstva koje stvara zavisnost. Karakteriše ga doživljaj prinude da se povremeno ili redovno uzima supstanca koja stvara zavisnost, u nameri da se doživi njen željeni efekat ili da bi se izbegle neugodnosti zbog neuzimanja tog sredstva”. Značaj oralnog zdravlja kod zavisnika od psihoaktivnih supstanci tema je kojoj se zbog svog značaja posvećuje sve veća pažnja. Poznato je da droga i alkohol direktno utiču na zdravlje usta i zuba ali tek je u poslednjoj deceniji dat prikladan značaj toj temi. Oralno zdravlje kod zavisnika je slabo istraženo zbog otežanog posmatranja ovih pacijenata zbog njihovog ponašanja, načina života i nesaradnje. Brojne studije ukazuju da je uzrok lošeg stanja usta u korelaciji sa korišćenjem psihoaktivnih supstanci. Istraživanja ovakvih stanja fokusirana su na analizu mnogobrojnih faktora rizika za nastanak oralnih oboljenja kao što su: vrsta i dužina korišćenja psihoaktivne supstance, socijalni status, način života, godine, loši stavovi o očuvanju zdravlja, ekonomski status, navike u ishrani i drugo. Mnoge studije dokazale su da korisnici heroina imaju loše stanje usta i zuba i ozbiljna parodontalna oboljenja. Heroinski zavisnici imaju veća oštećenja zuba i parodontalnog tkiva od korisnika drugih supstanci...