Roentgencraniometric and roent-gencenphalometric determination of linear parameters on dogs of German Shepard breed

Abstract

After rentgencraniornetric and roentgencephalometric analysis of the most significant reference points for dogs of the German Shepherd breed aged 12 months, we considered it would be of importance, both from the scientific and cynologic point of view, to determine all linear parameters which might be used in the exact type classification of the neuroviscerocranium of these animals. Correct proportions of certain regions of the face and head were exactly determined by defining and numerical specifying the following lines line N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinal or palatine plane alpha (SnA- SnP) occlusive plane- beta, plane gamma (Go- Me) and line N-A. The line N-Iv denotes the middle height of the face which is specific for the mesocephalic type of dogs head. In addition to these, there are also the lines Co Condylion) - Go (Gonion), Go (Gonion) - Me (Menton) and line S (Sella) Go (Gonion). A full inspection of the harmony and anatomic balance in the proportions of the neuroviscerocranium skeleton was achieved by specifying the following linear parameters for the frontal photograph: the lines Zy- Zy (Zygon), Eu- Eu (between the Eurion points), the lines Em- Em, ecm- ecm Eim- Eim, Go- Go, the distances En- En, Ein- Bin, Ecm- Ecm, Ecp- Ecp and Ecl- Ecl.

Rendgenkraniometrijskom i rendgenkefalometrijskom analizom najznačajnijih referentnih tačaka kod pasa rase nemački ovčar starosti 12 meseci određivani su linearni parametri koji bi se mogli koristiti u egzaktnoj tipizaciji neuroviscerokranijuma ovih životinja. Pravilni odnosi pojedinih regija lica i glave egzaktno su utvrđeni definisanjem i numeričkim određivanjem sledećih linija: linija N (Nasion)- S (Sella), bispinalna ili palatinalna ravan alfa (SnA- SnP), okluzana ravan- beta, ravan gama (Go- Me) i linija N-A. Linija N-lv predstavlja srednju visinu lica osobenu za mezocefalni tip glave psa. Pored ovih postoje još i linije Co (Condylion) Go (Gonion)- Me (Menton) i linija S (Sella)- Go (Gonion), Potpuni uvid u skladnost i anatomsku ravnotežu skeletnog odnosa neuroviscerokranijuma dobijen je određivanjem sledećih linearnih parametara na frontalnom snimku linija Zy-Zy (Zygion), Eu-Eu (između tačaka Eurion), linija Em-Em, ecm-ecm Eim-Eim, Go-Go, rastojanje En-En, Ein-Ein, Ecm-Ecm, Ecp-Ecp i Ecl-Ecl.