Prevalence of craniomandibular dysfunction sings and symptoms in students of the School of Stomatology in Belgrade

Abstract

Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that CMD problem is rather present in most countries all over the world, particularly in the Scandinavian and East European countries. There have not still been epidemiological studies on incidence of CMD in our surroundings, either organized or academic treatment programs of these diseases. The results of this study showed that most common CMD signs and symptoms were: impaired mandibular movements, deviation (deflection) in opening and closing the jaws, and TMJ sounds during mandible movements. Pain as a primary symptom was seen only in 5.2% of the analyzed subjects. Such fact indicates that this analyzed population group manifested the initial stage signs and symptoms of CMD. Recording of signs and symptoms mentioned above in young subjects should lead the therapist to perform more detailed analysis and apply adequate therapy modalities.

Brojne studije iz epidemiologije u stručnoj literaturi ukazuju na to da je problem kraniomandibulnih disfunkcija (CMD) veoma evidentan u većini zemalja, posebno u skandinavskim i zemljama srednje Evrope. Kod nas još ne postoje studije iz epidemiologije o rasprostranjenosti CMD, kao ni organizovani i osmišljeni programi za lečenje ovih oboljenja. Rezultati istraživanja ove studije ukazuju na to da su najzastupljeniji znaci i simptomi CMD poremećena kinematika donje vilice, devijacija (defleksija) pri otvaranju i zatvaranju usta i zvukovi iz temporomandibulnog zgloba (TMZ) pri kretnjama mandibule. Činjenica da bol, kao osnovni simptom ovih poremećaja, srećemo samo kod 5,2% bolesnika ukazuje na to da su u pitanju blaži ili početni poremećaji orofacijalnog kompleksa. Uočavanje pomenutih znakova i simptoma CMD kod mladih ispitanika trebalo bi da uputi na dalje detaljne analize i blagovremeno preduzimanje odgovarajućeg lečenja ovih bolesnika.