Pathophysiological mechanism of the developing maxillofacial radicular cyst

Abstract

The radicular cysts are result of inflammatory process in the periapical tissues associated with necrotic and infected pulps. Humoral and cellular immune responses play a central role in the pathogenesis of these lesions. The most important role in the growth of these lesion have proinflammatore cytokine TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6. Cytokine can be secreted by macrophages, monocytes and other cells of the immune system and can participate in skeletal homeostasis including osteoclastic formation, and bone resorption in maxillofacial region. The aim of this study is to give a concise review for mechanism of growth of maxilofacial radicular cysts, indicated of clinical aspect, as well as explained role of cytokine in this pathophysiology process.

Radikularne ciste su inflamatorne patološke lezije koje se razvijaju na vrhu korena avitalnog zuba cističnom transformacijom prethodno formiranog epitelnog granuloma. Humoralni i celularni imunitet imaju važnu ulogu u mehanizmu nastanka ovih lezija. Najvažniji medijatori u razvoju periapikalnih lezija su proinflamatorni citokini TNF- α (faktor nekroze tumora-α), IL-1(interleukin-1) i IL- 6 (Interleukin-6). Proizvode ih kako odbrambene ćelije, tako i ćelije lokalnog tkiva u različitom stepenu. Svi ovi citokini učestvuju u koštanoj homeostazi, uključ ujući i koštanu resorpciju u maksilofacijalnom skeletu. Cilj ovog rada je da pokaže osnovne mehanizme nastanka radikularnih cista vilice, ukaže na klinič ki značaj kao da se pojasni ulogu citokina u patofiziološ kim procesima.