Biocompatibility of a new nanomaterial based on calcium silicate implanted in subcutaneous connective tissue of rats

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate rat connective tissue response to a new calcium silicate system 7, 15, 30 and 60 days after implantation. Twenty Wistar albino male rats received two tubes half-filled with a new calcium silicate system (NCSS) or MTA in subcutaneous tissue. The empty half of the tubes served as controls. Five animals were sacrificed after 7, 15, 30 and 60 days and samples of the subcutaneous tissue around implanted material were submitted to histological analysis. The intensity of inflammation was evaluated based on the number of inflammatory cells present. Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and Holm Sidak's multiple comparison tests. Mild to moderate inflammatory reaction was observed after 7, 15 and 30 days around a NCSS while mild inflammatory reaction was detected after 60 days of implantation. In the MTA group, mild to moderate inflammatory reaction was found after 7 and 15 days while mild inflammatory reaction was present after 30 and 60 days. There was no statistically significant difference in the intensity of inflammatory reactions between the tested materials and control groups in any experimental period (ANOVA p>0.05). Regarding the intensity of inflammatory reactions at different experimental periods, a statistically significant difference was observed between 7 and 30 days, 7 and 60 days and 15 to 60 days for both materials. For the controls, a statistically significant difference was found between 7 and 60 days and 15 and 60 days of the experiment (Holm Sidak lt p 0.001). Subcutaneous tissue of rats showed good tolerance to a new calcium silicate system. Inflammatory reaction was similar to that caused by MTA.

Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita biokompatibilnost novog kalcijum silikatnog sistema nakon in vivo implantacije u potkožno tkivo pacova. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 20 Wistar albino pacova muškog pola. U svaku životinju implantirane su dve tube do pola ispunjene novim kalcijum silikatnim sistemom (NCSS) odnosno MTA-om. Prazne polovine tuba služile su kao kontrola. Po 5 životinja žrtvovano je nakon 7, 15, 30 i 60 dana, nakon čega su uzorci potkožnog tkiva oko implantiranog materijala pripremljeni za histološku analizu. Intezitet zapaljenske reakcije je procenjivan na osnovu broja prisutnih ćelija zapaljenja. Statistička analiza je urađena ANOVA testom i Holm Sidak-ovim testom višestruke komparacije. U eksperimentalnim periodima 7, 15 i 30 dana u NCSS grupi je uočena blaga do umerena zapaljenska reakcija, a nakon 60 dana samo blaga zapaljenska reakcija. UMTA grupi, nakon 7 i 15 dana uočena je blaga do umerena zapaljenska reakcija, a nakon 30 i 60 dana blaga zapaljenska reakcija. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u intezitetu zapaljenske reakcije između testiranih materijala i kontrolne grupe ni u jednom eksperimentalnom periodu (ANOVA p>0.05). Poređenjem inteziteta zapaljenskih reakcija u različitim eksperimentalnim periodima, uočeno je postojanje statistički značajnih razlika kod oba testirana materijala između 7 i 30 dana, 7 i 60 dana kao i između 15 i 60 dana, a kod kontrole između 7 i 60 dana i 15 i 60 dana eksperimenta (Holm Sidak p lt 0.001). Novi kalcijum silikatni sistem je pokazao biokompatibilno ponašanje. Inflamatorne reakcije potkožnog tkiva bile su slične onima koje je izazvao MTA.