Clinical and microbiological effects of the initial periodontal therapy

Abstract

Introduction Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, primarily caused by Gram-negative microorganisms. Thus, the primary objective of cause-related initial periodontal therapy is disruption and removal of the subgingival biofilm. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the initial therapy in patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Methods Forty patients with chronic periodontitis were included in the study. As a part of the clinical assessment undertaken prior to the initial therapy, as well as one month and three months post-therapy, plaque index, gingival index, papilla bleeding index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were recorded. Microbiological testing was performed prior to the initial therapy and three months after therapy. Polymerase chain reaction assays were used to determine the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Results All clinical parameters were significantly reduced after therapy. The prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was reduced by 22.5%, which was a statistically significant decrease compared to the baseline. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis and Prevotella intermedia tended to decrease after therapy; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion The results of the present study demonstrated the beneficial effects of the initial periodontal therapy on both the clinical and microbiological parameters.

Uvod Parodontopatija je inflamatorno, destruktivno oboljenje potpornog aparata zuba uzrokovano uglavnom Gram-negativnim mikroorganizmima. Dezorganizacija i uklanjanje subgingivalnog biofilma je primarni cilj kauzalne terapije parodontopatije. Cilj ovog rada bio je da se procene klinički i mikrobiološki efekti kauzalne terapije kod osoba s parodontopatijom. Metode rada U studiju je uključeno 40 ispitanika s hroničnom parodontopatijom kod kojih je primenjena kauzalna terapija. Klinički parametri (plak-indeks, gingivalni indeks, indeks krvarenja iz papile, dubina parodontalnih džepova i nivo pripojnog epitela) beleženi su na početku istraživanja, kao i mesec dana i tri meseca posle terapije, dok su uzorci subgingivalnog dentalnog plaka analizirani na početku i tri meseca posle terapije. Za izolovanje Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia i Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans korišćena je multipleks tehnika reakcije lančanog umnožavanja DNK (engl. polymerase chain reaction - PCR). Rezultati Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju statistički značajno smanjenje svih ispitivanih kliničkih parametara posle terapije. Prevalencija A. actinomycetemcomitans statistički je značajno smanjena za 22,5% posle lečenja. Prevalencija P. gingivalis, T. forsythensis i P. intermedia takođe je smanjena nakon terapije, ali to smanjenje nije bilo statistički značajno. Zaključak Rezultati ove studije pokazuju da se kauzalnom terapijom parodontopatije postižu znatna klinička i mikrobiološka poboljšanja. .