Factors associated with positive outcome of avulsion injuries in children

Abstract

Introduction/Aim. Avulsions are severe dental injuries with high impact on patients' quality of life due to prolonged treatment and possible severe complications. The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiological factors related to the occurrence, treatment and outcome of avulsions in Serbian children. Methods. This research included 2,194 patients aged 1-18 years with traumatic dental injuries. The history, demographic, clinical and radiographic data of the patients were observed from dental medical records. Results. A total of 266 avulsions were observed in 207 patients. The frequency of avulsions was 12% in primary dentition and 5% in permanent dentition. A statistically significant relationship between place, cause of avulsion and outcome was observed. Replantation of permanent teeth was performed in 46.7% with a mean time 6.9 h. Almost a half of permanently avulsed teeth (48.7%) were not retrieved from the accident site and 11.3% of replanted teeth were transported in adequate media. The observed incidence of complications was 31.9%. Conclusions. Re- plantation was not performed in more than a half of all eligible teeth due to either loss or inadequate/delayed transport, which emphasizes the need for preventive strategies and health education in population.

Uvod/Cilj. Avulzije spadaju među najteže povrede zuba kod dece i utiču na njihov psihosocijalni razvoj zbog dugotrajne terapije i mogućih teških komplikacija. Cilj istraživanja bio je analiza epidemioloških faktora povezanih sa nastankom, terapijom i ishodom avulzija kod dece u Srbiji. Metode. Ovo istraživanje obuhvatilo je 2 194 ispitanika uzrasta 1-18 godina sa povredama zuba. Podaci su dobijeni iz kartona povreda i stomatoloških kartona, a obuhvatali su: anamnestičke podatke, demografske podatke, podatke iz kliničkog i radiološkog pregleda. Rezultati. Zabeleženo je ukupno 266 avulzija kod 207 ispitanika. Učestalost avulzija u mlečnoj denticiji iznosila je 12%, a u stalnoj 5%. Uočena je statistički značajna povezanost između mesta, uzroka povrede i ishoda avulzije. Replantacija stalnih zuba je izvršena kod 46,7% ispitanika sa prosečnim vremenom 6,9 h. Skoro polovina svih avulziranih stalnih zuba (48,7%) nije donešena sa mesta povrede, dok je svega 11,3% replantiranih zuba donešeno u adekvatnom medijumu. Učestalost komplikacija iznosila je 31,9%. Zaključak. Replantacija nije vršena kod više od polovine raspoloživih avulziranih zuba zbog neadekvatnog transporta ili zakasnelog dolaska kod stomatologa, što ukazuje na hitnu potrebu za izradom preventivnih strategija i zdravstveno-vaspitnim radom unutar populacije.