Nanosynthesized calcium-silicate-based biomaterials in endodontic treatment of young permanent teeth

Abstract

Calcium-silicate-based materials are used in many endodontic and oral-surgical procedures. The advantages of calcium-silicate-based materials are good apical sealing, setting in the presence of moisture, and acquiring high pH after mixing. However, these materials also have some disadvantages: low flowability, dry consistency, and long setting time. By applying nanotechnology during synthesis, very active calcium silicate, such as nanostructured mineral polyoxide carbonate aggregate, may be used to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and further enhance physical properties of the reaction mixture consisting of calcite and monoclinic bismuth oxide. Application of the sol-gel method for calcite production and combination of such a method with high-temperature, self-propagating synthesis of calcium silicates makes the strategy completely innovative. Materials based on nanostructured calcium silicates may represent effective therapeutic agents for root canal obturation, especially in the case of immature roots. The application of calcium-silicate-based materials may significantly decrease the duration of therapy, reduce the risk of tooth fractures, and overcome incomplete calcification problem.