Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine and correlate the degree of conversion (DC) with Vickers hardness (VH) and translucency parameter (TP) with the depth of cure (DoC) of five bulk-fill composites. Six specimens per group, consisting of Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill ("TEC Bulk," Ivoclar Vivadent), SonicFill (Kerr), SDR Smart Dentin Replacement ("SDR," Dentsply), Xenius base ("Xenius," StickTech; commercialized as EverX Posterior, GC), Filtek Bulk Fill flowable ("Filtek Bulk," 3M ESPE), and Tetric EvoCeram ("TEC," control), were prepared for DC and VH: two 2-mm-thick layers, each light-cured for 10 s; one 4-mm bulk-fill, light-cured for 10 or 20 s; and one 6-mm bulk-fill, cured for 20 s. DC was measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, VH using a Vickers hardness tester. DoC and TP were measured using an acetone-shaking test and a spectrophotometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation (alpha = 0.05). DC and VH ranged between 40-70 % and ...30-80 VHN, respectively. TEC Bulk, Xenius, and SonicFill, bulk-filled as 4-mm-thick specimens, showed bottom-to-top hardness ratios above 80 % after 20 s curing. A positive linear correlation was found for bottom DC and VH. An average DC ratio of 0.9 corresponded to a bottom-to-top VH ratio of 0.8. Sculptable bulk-fills require 20 s, whereas 10 s curing time was sufficient for flowable bulk-fills using a high-intensity LED unit. Clinicians should be aware that longer curing times may be required for sculptable than flowable bulk-fill composites in order to achieve optimal curing characteristics.
Keywords:
Bulk-fill / Composites / Translucency / Depth of cure / Degree of conversion / HardnessSource:
Clinical Oral Investigations, 2017, 21, 4, 1201-1212Publisher:
- Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg
Funding / projects:
- CEDIADR
- Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO)FWO [G.0496.10]
- Development and Application of Methods and Materials for Monitoring New Organic Contaminants, Toxic Compounds and Heavy Metals (RS-172007)
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0
ISSN: 1432-6981
PubMed: 27383375
WoS: 000399888600028
Scopus: 2-s2.0-84978160930
Collections
Institution/Community
Stomatološki fakultetTY - JOUR AU - Miletić, Vesna AU - Pongprueksa, Pong AU - de Munck, Jan AU - Brooks, Neil R. AU - Van Meerbeek, Bart PY - 2017 UR - https://smile.stomf.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2191 AB - The aim of this study was to determine and correlate the degree of conversion (DC) with Vickers hardness (VH) and translucency parameter (TP) with the depth of cure (DoC) of five bulk-fill composites. Six specimens per group, consisting of Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill ("TEC Bulk," Ivoclar Vivadent), SonicFill (Kerr), SDR Smart Dentin Replacement ("SDR," Dentsply), Xenius base ("Xenius," StickTech; commercialized as EverX Posterior, GC), Filtek Bulk Fill flowable ("Filtek Bulk," 3M ESPE), and Tetric EvoCeram ("TEC," control), were prepared for DC and VH: two 2-mm-thick layers, each light-cured for 10 s; one 4-mm bulk-fill, light-cured for 10 or 20 s; and one 6-mm bulk-fill, cured for 20 s. DC was measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, VH using a Vickers hardness tester. DoC and TP were measured using an acetone-shaking test and a spectrophotometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation (alpha = 0.05). DC and VH ranged between 40-70 % and 30-80 VHN, respectively. TEC Bulk, Xenius, and SonicFill, bulk-filled as 4-mm-thick specimens, showed bottom-to-top hardness ratios above 80 % after 20 s curing. A positive linear correlation was found for bottom DC and VH. An average DC ratio of 0.9 corresponded to a bottom-to-top VH ratio of 0.8. Sculptable bulk-fills require 20 s, whereas 10 s curing time was sufficient for flowable bulk-fills using a high-intensity LED unit. Clinicians should be aware that longer curing times may be required for sculptable than flowable bulk-fill composites in order to achieve optimal curing characteristics. PB - Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg T2 - Clinical Oral Investigations T1 - Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 1201 EP - 1212 DO - 10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0 ER -
@article{ author = "Miletić, Vesna and Pongprueksa, Pong and de Munck, Jan and Brooks, Neil R. and Van Meerbeek, Bart", year = "2017", abstract = "The aim of this study was to determine and correlate the degree of conversion (DC) with Vickers hardness (VH) and translucency parameter (TP) with the depth of cure (DoC) of five bulk-fill composites. Six specimens per group, consisting of Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill ("TEC Bulk," Ivoclar Vivadent), SonicFill (Kerr), SDR Smart Dentin Replacement ("SDR," Dentsply), Xenius base ("Xenius," StickTech; commercialized as EverX Posterior, GC), Filtek Bulk Fill flowable ("Filtek Bulk," 3M ESPE), and Tetric EvoCeram ("TEC," control), were prepared for DC and VH: two 2-mm-thick layers, each light-cured for 10 s; one 4-mm bulk-fill, light-cured for 10 or 20 s; and one 6-mm bulk-fill, cured for 20 s. DC was measured using a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, VH using a Vickers hardness tester. DoC and TP were measured using an acetone-shaking test and a spectrophotometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson's correlation (alpha = 0.05). DC and VH ranged between 40-70 % and 30-80 VHN, respectively. TEC Bulk, Xenius, and SonicFill, bulk-filled as 4-mm-thick specimens, showed bottom-to-top hardness ratios above 80 % after 20 s curing. A positive linear correlation was found for bottom DC and VH. An average DC ratio of 0.9 corresponded to a bottom-to-top VH ratio of 0.8. Sculptable bulk-fills require 20 s, whereas 10 s curing time was sufficient for flowable bulk-fills using a high-intensity LED unit. Clinicians should be aware that longer curing times may be required for sculptable than flowable bulk-fill composites in order to achieve optimal curing characteristics.", publisher = "Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg", journal = "Clinical Oral Investigations", title = "Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites", volume = "21", number = "4", pages = "1201-1212", doi = "10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0" }
Miletić, V., Pongprueksa, P., de Munck, J., Brooks, N. R.,& Van Meerbeek, B.. (2017). Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites. in Clinical Oral Investigations Springer Heidelberg, Heidelberg., 21(4), 1201-1212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0
Miletić V, Pongprueksa P, de Munck J, Brooks NR, Van Meerbeek B. Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites. in Clinical Oral Investigations. 2017;21(4):1201-1212. doi:10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0 .
Miletić, Vesna, Pongprueksa, Pong, de Munck, Jan, Brooks, Neil R., Van Meerbeek, Bart, "Curing characteristics of flowable and sculptable bulk-fill composites" in Clinical Oral Investigations, 21, no. 4 (2017):1201-1212, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1894-0 . .