Dental treatment of the elderly people with disabilities

Abstract

Introduction. The growing population of the elderly people and a proportional increase in the number of the elderly with different types of disabilities, necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to the assessment of their oral health and dental treatment. The ultimate aim is to retain a pain-free functional dentition and decrease the risk of future disease. Material and Methods. A PubMed search was performed and the authors contributed their experience in implementing preventive and therapeutic measures. Oral health problems of the elderly with disabilities. Two main factors influence the oral health: multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Oral health problems expected in this population are teeth abrasion, teeth fractures, root caries, periodontitis and problems with wearing dentures due to stomatitis caused by Candida albicans. Oral health assessment and treatment guidelines. This article provides guidelines for assessment and treatment planning, taking into consideration multimorbidity, polypharmacy, dementia and capacity of caregivers. Preventive measures. Preventive measures are crucial for long-term oral health of this population, and this paper provides guidelines for preventive treatment depending on the degree of functional dependence. Prosthetic treatment. Although some elderly with disabilities are suitable for conventional prosthetic treatment, often there are contraindications and specific considerations that must be taken into account. Conclusion. Oral health needs of the elderly people with disabilities should not be neglected and the success of treatment depends on the education of dental professionals and cooperation with other health professionals of the medical team.

Uvod. Zbog rastuće populacije starih ljudi i proporcionalnog povećanja učestalosti broja starih ljudi sa različitim tipovima hendikepa, multi disciplinarni pristup proceni njihovog oralnog zdravlja je neophodan. Krajnji cilj je postići funkcionalnu denticiju bez bolova i smanjiti rizik od budućih oboljenja. Materijal i metode. Pretraživanje literature u bazi PubMed je obavljeno, ali je takođe iskustvo autora u primeni preventivnih i terapijskih mera uzeto u obzir. Problemi oralnog zdravlja starih ljudi sa hendikepom. Dva glavna razloga imaju uticaj na oralno zdravlje: multi morbiditet i polifarmacija. Problemi oralnog zdravlja koji se očekuju u ovoj populaciji su abrazija zuba, frakture zuba, karijes korena, parodontopatija i problemi sa nošenjem proteza usled stomatitis uzrokovanog kandidom (Candida albicans). Procena oralnog zdravlja i smernice za planiranje tipa tretmana. Ovaj članak obezbeđuje korisne smernice za procenu i planiranje tretmana, uzimajući u obzir multi morbiditet, polifarmaciju, demenciju i kapacitet negovatelja. Preventivne mere. Preventivne mere su ključne za dugotrajni uspeh oralnog zdravlja ove populacije i ovde su prikazane smernice za preventivne mere u zavisnosti od stepena funkcionalne zavisnosti. Protetski tretman. Iako su neki stari ljudi sa hendikepom pogodni za konvencionalni protetski tretman, većina ovih pacijenata ima neke kontra indikacije i specifičnosti koje treba uzeti u obzir. Zaključak. Potrebe za oralnim zdravljem starih ljudi sa hendikepom ne smeju biti zanemarene, a uspeh tretmana zavisi od edukacije stomatologa kao i saradnje sa ostalim specijalistima medicinskog tima.