Glide path preparation with hand K-files and rotary PathFiles in simulated curved root canals: An in vitro study

Abstract

Introduction: Preparation of glide path is an important precondition for the safe use of rotary NiTi instruments during endodontic treatment. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the duration of glide path preparation as well as all the changes in canal morphology and canal diameter after the use of hand K-files and NiTi rotary PathFiles. Material and methods: This research was performed on a total of twenty Endo Training Blocks (Dentsply, Maillefer, Switzerland). The glide path was prepared using hand stainless steel K-files ISO #10-15-20 (Dentsply, Sirona, USA) (n = 10) and NiTi rotary PathFiles ISO #13, #16 and #19 (Dentsply, Sirona, Switzerland) (n = 10). The time required to establish the glide path was measured with an iPhone stopwatch (Apple Inc. Cupertino, California). The images of the apical segment of canals before and after glide path preparation were taken under the stereomicroscope (Boeco BSZ-405, Germany), and then images were analyzed and processed with Scopeimage 9.0 (Teleskop, Austria). Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney test at the level of significance 5% (a = 0.05). Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in terms of the time required for glide path preparation. The mean total time for glide path preparation was significantly longer with K-files (382 ± 62 s) than with PathFile (200 ± 11 s) (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference in terms of changing the morphology of the apical part of the canal (p > 0.05) was not observed. The difference in the diameter of the root canal was at the limit of statistical significance (p ≈ 0.05). Conclusion: Instrumentation with NiTi rotary PathFiles reduces the time required for glide path preparation. Preparing endodontic space for rotary instrumentation with hand K-Files and rotary PathFiles leads to similar changes in the morphology of the apical segment. A slightly larger diameter of the root canal was measured after preparation with the hand K-files.

Uvod: Uspostavljanje instrumentacione putanje je važan preduslov za bezbednu primenu mašinskih NiTi instrumentata tokom oblikovanja kanalskih sistema. Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je bio da se uporedi vreme potrebno za formiranje instrumentacione putanje, kao i promene u morfologiji apikalnog segmenta i prečniku apikalnog otvora kanala posle primene ručnih K-turpija i mašinskih PathFile instrumenata. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je realizovano na 20 "endo trening" modela (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Instrumentaciona putanja je uspostavljena primenom ručnih K-turpija od nerđajućeg čelika (#10-15-20) (Dentsply, Sirona, Switzerland) (n = 10), odnosno mašinskih PathFile NiTi instrumenata (Dentsply, Sirona, Switzerland) (n = 10). Vreme potrebno za uspostavljanje instrumentacione putanje mereno je iPhone stopwatch (Apple Inc. Cupertino, California). Slike apikalnog segmenta kanala, pre i posle formiranja instrumentacione putanje, snimane su stereomikroskopom (Boeco BSZ-405, Germany), a zatim obrađene i analizirane u softverskom programu Scopeimage 9.0. Dobijeni podaci statistički su obrađeni Man-Vitnijevim (Mann-Whitney) testom (a = 0,05). Rezultati: Uočena je statistički značajna razlika u pogledu vremena potrebnog za uspostavljanje instrumentacione putanje između ručnih K-turpija (6 min. 22 s) i mašinskih PathFile instrumenata (3 min. 20 s) (p < 0,05). U pogledu morfologije apikalnog segmenta nisu uočene značajne razlike (p > 0,05). Razlike u prečniku apikalnog otvora bile su na granici statističke značajnosti (p ≈ 0,05). Zaključak: Primena mašinskih PathFile instrumenata rezultirala je bržim formiranjem instrumentacione putanje u poređenju sa ručnim K-turpijama. Obe ispitivane grupe instrumenata dovele su do sličnih promena u morfologiji apikalnog segmenta kanala. Nešto veći prečnik apikalnog otvora kanala izmeren je posle primene ručnih K-turpija.